“You can do this.” There’s no doubt that at some point in your life, you’ve said something like this to yourself. It’s an affirmation [1], and since you’re saying it to yourself, it’s a self-affirmation. You probably found it comforting at the moment, but what does research say about the value of self-affirmation? It turns out, self-affirmations, especially positive ones, can in fact lead to positive thinking and by extension, positive outcomes.
In fact, there’s a whole area of psychology dedicated to affirmations, termed “self-affirmation theory.” In short, the theory posits that when our sense of self, our identities, are threatened, we will use self-affirmation to return to a homeostatic [2] state. For example, let’s say someone experiences an unexpected rejection. Faced with the prospect of being unworthy of love, this person might self-affirm with a statement: “I am worthy of love.” This statement is powerful, but one adjustment to it may make its impact more meaningful.
The framing of self-affirmations (in points of view) is an area of self-affirmation theory that is seldom [3] studied. One particularly fascinating study on self-affirmation statements, though, involves a study of athletes. It assessed performance outcomes with various forms of self-affirmation. Specifically, researchers wanted to assess whether first-person affirmations (“I can do it.”) or second-person affirmations (“You can do it.”) resulted in differing outcomes. It turns out, self-affirmations are best delivered in the second-person; athletes who repeated “you can do it” to themselves performed better than those using first-person.
Positive affirmations are also the most primal [4] form of self-help. Beyond their impact on restoring the body to homeostasis when threatened, positive affirmations can actually trigger the reward system in the brain, resulting in a relief from both physical and psychological pain. Using positive affirmations as part of one’s daily routine is the most effective way to turn self-affirmation into habit; once a habit is formed, the benefits of said habit can only grow.
At the end of the day, regardless of your field of work or your day-to-day lifestyle, incorporating positive self-affirmations can be an impactful way to relieve pain, make your life feel more meaningful, and help to bring about more positive outcomes.