Trình duyệt không được hỗ trợ. Vui lòng sử dụng Google Chrome hoặc Microsoft Edge để truy cập vào Ringle.
#Current Trends
Veganism, at an All-Time-High
What is behind this phenomenon?
Updated: 2023.11.01
5 min read · Advanced
material_image
Veganism, at an All-Time-High

For the past decade, more and more people have been trying out the vegan diet. The essential rule of veganism is to not eat animal products, differing from that of vegetarianism, for which the rule is to not eat animals. For example, while a vegetarian can eat chicken eggs or cow milk, a vegan cannot, although neither can eat chicken or beef.

While the term vegan was coined in 1944, the concept of a wholly plant-based diet dates back to ancient Indian and Mediterranean societies. Vegetarianism had been popular particularly among Buddhists and Hindus, later spreading to Western nations in the 18th and 19th centuries, where it was received with some appreciation. In the 21st century, however, veganism became a fast-growing international trend promoted by celebrities, dietitians, social media influencers, chefs, and beyond.

In 2020, 1% of people in the UK considered themselves vegan, which was a 300% increase from 2014. In the US, 6% of people claim to not eat meat, an increase of 600% in comparison to 2014. And in South Korea, about 500,000 people are strict vegans, and around 20% of the population follow plant-based diets in one way or another.

However, perhaps a more relevant trend is the increase of the flexitarian or vegan-curious population. Most people are at least somewhat familiar with veganism, and besides those who strictly abide by a vegan diet, many are making attempts to eat some form of plant-based meals by, for example, replacing animal meat with plant-based alternatives or incorporating large portions of fruits and vegetables into their meals.

So, what’s behind this phenomenon? Proponents of the vegan lifestyle point to its perceived health benefits as justification for following it. Research shows that vegan diets can reduce the risk of cancer and heart disease, increase the chance of weight loss, and boost general mood and energy levels.

However, it is helpful to note that, contrary to popular belief, a vegan diet is not synonymous with a healthy diet. Especially with the ongoing rise of veganism, plenty of vegan junk food [1] products are available in the market. Other things being equal, vegan chocolate chip cookies are not necessarily healthier than non-vegan ones.

Beyond health reasons, growing veganism is a response to environmental and ethical concerns. For years, the overconsumption [2] of livestock and its role in accelerating global warming has concerned consumers. Moreover, less demand for animal and animal products disincentivizes factory farming. Factory farming incorporates mass production practices into animal farming, often treating animals inhumanely. These days, people are increasingly aware of the abusive tendencies of factory farming, and veganism offers a partial solution. Meanwhile, many meat consumers are looking for free-range options without cutting out meat from their diets.

While there are many compelling reasons to try veganism, food scientists are concerned with the diet's nutritional value. Veganism makes it difficult to get vitamins and minerals like heme iron, omega-3, Vitamin B12, and zinc, the deficiency of which can lead to diseases like anemia and depression. Arguably, this concern warns us against taking dietary restrictions to their extreme.

Nonetheless, it's important to remember that many beloved foods are inherently vegan, such as pasta and tofu. Why not get creative and try to make a vegan meal as a fun challenge in the kitchen?

어느 때보다 인기가 높은 비거니즘

지난 10년 동안 점점 더 많은 사람들이 비건 다이어트를 시도해왔습니다. 비거니즘(비건주의, 순수 채식주의)의 기본적인 규칙은 동물과 관련된 제품을 먹지 않는 것으로, 고기를 먹지 않는 것이 원칙인 채식주의와는 다릅니다. 예를 들어 채식주의자는 달걀이나 우유를 먹을 수 있지만 비건은 아닙니다. 물론 두 그룹 다 소고기나 닭고기는 먹지 않습니다.

비거니즘이라는 용어는 1944년에 만들어졌지만, 전적으로 식물에 기초한 식단의 개념은 고대 인도와 지중해 사회로 거슬러 올라갑니다. 채식주의는 특히 불교와 힌두교 신자들 사이에 인기가 있었고 이후 18-19세기에 서구국가들로 전해져 그곳에서도 인정을 받았습니다. 하지만 21세기에 들어 비거니즘은 유명인, 영양사, 인플루언서, 요리사 같은 사람들의 홍보에 힘입어 빠르게 성장하는 국제적인 유행이 되었습니다.

2020년, 영국 인구의 1%가 스스로를 비건이라고 밝혔습니다. 이는 2014년에 비해 300% 증가한 수치입니다. 미국에서는 육류를 먹지 않는다고 주장하는 사람이 6%로 2014년에 비해 무려 600% 증가했습니다. 그리고 한국의 경우, 엄격한 의미의 비건은 50만 명 정도이고 인구의 약 20%는 어떤 식으로든 채식을 위주로 하고 있습니다.

하지만 더 의미있는 현상은 유동적인 채식주의자 혹은 비거니즘에 호기심을 보이는 인구의 증가일 것입니다. 대부분의 사람들은 적어도 비거니즘이 무엇인지 잘 알고 있으며, 철저하게 비건 식단을 지키는 사람들 외에도 많은 사람들은 가령 고기 대신 식물 기반의 대체육을 먹거나 과일과 야채의 섭취량을 늘리며 채소 중심의 식사를 하려고 노력하고 있습니다.

이런 현상은 왜 일어나고 있을까요? 비건 생활방식을 지지하는 사람들은 건강상의 이점을 내세우며 비건으로 살고 있는 것을 정당화하고 있습니다. 연구에 따르면 비건 식단은 암과 심장병의 위험을 줄이고 체중 감량의 가능성을 높이며 전반적인 기분과 에너지 수준을 향상시킵니다.

하지만 일반적인 생각과는 달리 비건 다이어트가 무조건 건강한 식단이 아니라는 것을 주목해야 합니다. 특히 비거니즘의 인기가 높아짐에 따라 많은 비건 불량식품들이 시장에 나와 있습니다. 대개의 경우 비건 초코칩 쿠키가 일반 쿠키보다 반드시 건강에 좋은 것은 아닙니다.

비거니즘의 유행은 건강 외에도 환경적, 윤리적 이슈에 대한 대응입니다. 수년 동안 소비자들은 고기의 과소비와 그것이 지구 온난화를 가속화시키는 데 미치는 영향에 대해 우려해왔습니다. 그리고, 고기와 동물 관련 제품에 대한 수요 감소는 공장식 농업의 감소를 불러옵니다. 공장식 농업은 대량생산 관행을 축산업에 적용시키며 동물들을 비인간적으로 다루는 예가 많습니다. 오늘날 대규모 공장식 축산업계에서 빈번히 자행되는 동물 학대에 대한 사람들의 인식은 점차 높아지고 있으며 비거니즘은 이에 대한 부분적인 해결책을 제공합니다. 한편, 많은 육류 소비자들은 육류 섭취를 계속하면서도 방목으로 길러진 고기를 찾고 있습니다.

비거니즘을 시도해볼 만한 좋은 이유들이 많지만 식품학자들은 비건 식단의 영양학적 가치에 대해 염려를 표합니다. 비건 식단으로는 헴 철분, 오메가3, 비타민 B12, 그리고 아연 같은 비타민과 무기질을 섭취하기 어렵다는 점입니다. 이런 성분이 결핍되면 빈혈과 우울증과 같은 질병이 생길 수 있습니다. 이런 염려는 어떤 다이어트를 택하든지 극단적으로 특정 음식을 제한하지는 말라는 경고입니다.

어쨌든 많은 사람들한테 사랑받는 음식들이 비건 음식이라는 것을 기억할 필요가 있습니다. 파스타와 두부가 그 좋은 예입니다. 창의력을 발휘해서 부엌에서 비건 요리를 한번 만들어보는 것은 어떨까요?

Discussion Questions
Q1
In your own words, please briefly summarize the article.
여러분의 언어로 교재를 간단히 요약해 주세요.
Q2
Were you familiar with veganism prior to reading this lesson packet? If so, what has been your general impression of it up until now?
이 교재를 읽기 전에 비거니즘에 대해 잘 알고 있었나요? 그렇다면 지금까지 비건에 대한 일반적인 인상은 어땠나요?
Q3
Have you ever had a fully vegan meal, or been to a fully vegan restaurant? If yes, what did you think? If not, would you want to try either of these?
완전 채식인 식사를 하거나 완전 채식인 식당에 가본 적이 있나요? 그렇다면 어떤 느낌이 들었나요? 그렇지 않다면 두 가지 중 하나를 시도해 보시겠나요?
Q4
When you think of your favorite foods, are any of them already vegan? For example, mangos are technically vegan.
좋아하는 음식을 떠올렸을 때 이미 비건인 음식이 있나요? 예를 들어 망고는 엄밀히 말하면 비건 식품입니다.
Q5
Would you ever consider going vegan? Would you ever try avoiding animal products on a smaller scale, for example, eating vegan on Mondays? Why or why not?
채식을 고려한 적이 있나요? 예를 들어 월요일에 식사를 하는 등 소규모로 동물성 제품을 피하는 것을 시도해 본 적이 있나요? 왜 또는 왜 안 하나요?
Q6
Dietitians and food scientists have found many health benefits inherent in the vegan diet, but also point out that it can be hard to get all necessary nutrients from it. Do you think the pros outweigh the cons or vice versa?
영양사와 식품 과학자들은 비건 식단에 내재된 많은 건강상의 이점을 발견했지만, 비건 식단에서 필요한 모든 영양소를 섭취하기는 어려울 수 있다고 지적합니다. 장점보다 단점이 더 크다고 생각하시나요, 아니면 그 반대라고 생각하시나요?
Q7
Just as there are many reasons to go vegan, there are also many reasons why someone might be averse to trying out the vegan diet. What factors, culturally, financially, socially, and otherwise, do you think could make it difficult to pursue a vegan lifestyle?
채식을 해야 하는 이유에는 여러 가지가 있듯이, 비건 식단을 시도하는 것을 꺼리는 이유도 여러 가지가 있을 수 있습니다. 문화적으로, 재정적으로, 사회적으로, 기타 어떤 요인들이 비건 라이프스타일을 추구하기 어렵게 만들 수 있다고 생각하시나요?
Q8
Do you think veganism is just a current trend that will eventually die out, or do you think even more people might go vegan in the future?
비거니즘(순수 채식주의)은 결국 사라질 현재의 트렌드일 뿐이라고 생각하시나요, 아니면 앞으로 더 많은 사람들이 채식을 할 수 있다고 생각하시나요?
Q9
According to the UN, farmed livestock makes up almost 15% of all man-made greenhouse gas emissions, approximately the same amount as the exhaust from cars, trains, aircraft, and ships. With this in mind, it’s estimated that if everyone in the world went vegan, our food-related emissions would decrease by 70% within the next 30 years. Do you think that veganism should be seriously considered then as a method to combat climate change and global warming?
유엔에 따르면, 사육되는 가축은 인간이 만들어낸 온실가스 배출량의 거의 15%를 차지하며, 이는 자동차, 기차, 항공기, 선박에서 배출되는 배기가스와 거의 같은 양입니다. 이를 염두에 두고, 전 세계 모든 사람이 채식을 한다면 향후 30년 내에 식품 관련 배출량을 70%까지 줄일 수 있을 것으로 추정됩니다. 그렇다면 기후 변화와 지구 온난화에 대처하기 위한 방법으로 채식을 진지하게 고려해야 한다고 생각하시나요?
Q10
If you have a question or questions that you'd like to discuss during your class, please write them down.
궁금한 점이 있거나 수업 중에 얘기해 보고 싶은 질문이 있으면 적어주세요.
Expressions
junk food
a colloquial term referring to unhealthy food high in calories, sugar, or fat, and with minimal nutritional value.
Ví dụ
1

Popcorn was her favorite type of junk food— if you offered her some, she would finish the whole bag!

Ví dụ
2

He had been eating so much junk food that he finally decided he would go on a diet and eat more vegetables.

overconsumption
the action or fact of consuming something to excess
Ví dụ
1

He knew that overconsumption of alcohol could be deadly for his health, so he made sure to stick to only a few drinks that night.

Ví dụ
2

The overconsumption of clothing, particularly fast fashion, is a major contributor to climate change.

본 교재는 당사 편집진이 제작하는 링글의 자산으로 저작권법에 의해 보호됩니다. 링글 플랫폼 외에서 자료를 활용하시는 경우 당사와 사전 협의가 필요합니다.

For the past decade, more and more people have been trying out the vegan diet. The essential rule of veganism is to not eat animal products, differing from that of vegetarianism, for which the rule is to not eat animals. For example, while a vegetarian can eat chicken eggs or cow milk, a vegan cannot, although neither can eat chicken or beef.

While the term vegan was coined in 1944, the concept of a wholly plant-based diet dates back to ancient Indian and Mediterranean societies. Vegetarianism had been popular particularly among Buddhists and Hindus, later spreading to Western nations in the 18th and 19th centuries, where it was received with some appreciation. In the 21st century, however, veganism became a fast-growing international trend promoted by celebrities, dietitians, social media influencers, chefs, and beyond.

In 2020, 1% of people in the UK considered themselves vegan, which was a 300% increase from 2014. In the US, 6% of people claim to not eat meat, an increase of 600% in comparison to 2014. And in South Korea, about 500,000 people are strict vegans, and around 20% of the population follow plant-based diets in one way or another.

However, perhaps a more relevant trend is the increase of the flexitarian or vegan-curious population. Most people are at least somewhat familiar with veganism, and besides those who strictly abide by a vegan diet, many are making attempts to eat some form of plant-based meals by, for example, replacing animal meat with plant-based alternatives or incorporating large portions of fruits and vegetables into their meals.

So, what’s behind this phenomenon? Proponents of the vegan lifestyle point to its perceived health benefits as justification for following it. Research shows that vegan diets can reduce the risk of cancer and heart disease, increase the chance of weight loss, and boost general mood and energy levels.

However, it is helpful to note that, contrary to popular belief, a vegan diet is not synonymous with a healthy diet. Especially with the ongoing rise of veganism, plenty of vegan junk food [1] products are available in the market. Other things being equal, vegan chocolate chip cookies are not necessarily healthier than non-vegan ones.

Beyond health reasons, growing veganism is a response to environmental and ethical concerns. For years, the overconsumption [2] of livestock and its role in accelerating global warming has concerned consumers. Moreover, less demand for animal and animal products disincentivizes factory farming. Factory farming incorporates mass production practices into animal farming, often treating animals inhumanely. These days, people are increasingly aware of the abusive tendencies of factory farming, and veganism offers a partial solution. Meanwhile, many meat consumers are looking for free-range options without cutting out meat from their diets.

While there are many compelling reasons to try veganism, food scientists are concerned with the diet's nutritional value. Veganism makes it difficult to get vitamins and minerals like heme iron, omega-3, Vitamin B12, and zinc, the deficiency of which can lead to diseases like anemia and depression. Arguably, this concern warns us against taking dietary restrictions to their extreme.

Nonetheless, it's important to remember that many beloved foods are inherently vegan, such as pasta and tofu. Why not get creative and try to make a vegan meal as a fun challenge in the kitchen?

*This material is designed for the exclusive use of Ringle students on the Ringle platform.