Venmo is a social payment app that was founded in 2009 by two students at the University of Pennsylvania, who also happened to be roommates. The story goes that one roommate ended up in Philadelphia without his wallet, so the other one spotted [1] him funds for a weekend. At the end of his Philly trip, the roommate writes his friend a check, and thinks… “Why are we still doing this? We do everything else with our phones.” And just like that, Venmo was born.
In its early form, Venmo focused entirely on payments. It facilitated payment transactions between friends, allowing people to easily pay each other for dinner or lunch when going dutch, for sharing rent or splitting bills. This was done via text (SMS), but eventually grew as a feature within a downloadable application (available for both iOS and Android devices). Nowadays, Venmo has developed into a social networking app of its own, with features allowing users to add friends, to react to friends’ payments, and more. Indeed, the vast majority of Venmo payment descriptions take the form of emojis; the most commonly used emojis on the platform are the heart, the pizza, the beer, and the money-flying-away emojis.
Using Venmo is fairly straightforward; it largely functions as a middleman— payments are stored in users’ Venmo balance, which can then be transferred to the user’s bank account. Immediate transfers incur [2] a small fee, while standard transfers take a few days to clear without a fee. Despite the availability of its social networking features, users by-and-large use Venmo as a payment app, and even in popular settings (like colleges and universities), Venmo serves only a single purpose. Despite the growing popularity of banking P2P (peer to peer) options like Zelle’s QuickPay (which are also largely more efficient than Venmo), Venmo retains a tight grasp on the US market, with a share of 58% of P2P users.
Just as P2P options have grown though, so too has Venmo. In 2016, PayPal, who’ve owned Venmo since 2012, announced they would be expanding Venmo’s capacities beyond serving as a peer to peer payment app. Merchant support grew gradually over the following two years, and Venmo offered its users the ability to pay directly from their Venmo balance. Participating merchants would allow users to scan their Venmo QR code to pay, which functions similarly in style to China’s WeChat Pay.
Today, only about a total of two million online and brick-and-mortar [3] stores support payment by way of Venmo or Venmo’s QR code. Google Pay and Apple Pay continue to stand as meaningful competitors to Venmo in the P2P and payment space, but it remains to be seen how Venmo and its competitors will grow.