“Ugh, I resent you so hard!”
A couple behind us was fighting, and with the lady throwing this line for a clincher, they couldn’t be heard anymore. My boyfriend and I had been waiting to enter a Bouillon in Paris, and the place being one of the top hunts for tourists, there was a winding line outside extending several blocks. From eyeballing it, it was at least an hour before we could step foot in the establishment, so when a couple raised their voices behind us, it was more entertaining than disturbing.
“We’ve been walking all day, and my feet are killing me. Look at the line!”
“Yea, but this place is...”
“We shouldn’t have come. What did I tell you?”
“But…”
They went back and forth before the lady made it clear to her boyfriend and the public that she resented him so hard and stomped [1] out of the line. To return the favor, he seemed to retreat [2] into a resenting silence and follow her out of the line. My boyfriend shot me a teasing glance, baring the top row of his teeth in a wide grin. Fine, I’d more than once complained to him about my aching feet, the blinding blizzard, or other physical discomforts and emotional misgivings on a date. The other couple’s fight had elements in them that reminded him of ours. The truth? The ways couples fight have overlapping patterns and can be generalized in some ways.
One example is the four horsemen in relationships. The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse is a metaphor in the New Testament for the end times, representing conquest, war, hunger, and death. John Gottman, a renowned marriage researcher and psychologist, took this metaphor to describe four communication patterns that increase the likelihood of divorce, the four horsemen respectively describing criticism, defensiveness, stonewalling, and contempt.
According to Gottman, while the four horsemen in his research predict early divorcing, “the absence of positives during conflict discussions” and emotional withdrawal predict later divorcing. In one research, by looking at couples’ communication during conflicts, he could predict divorce in couples with 90 percent accuracy.
Given that most emerging [3] conflicts in a relationship are linked to permanent, recurring issues, Gottman advises couples to “manage” rather than try to “resolve” them—some fires cannot be extinguished—while avoiding the four horsemen that erode at the love supposedly holding up the relationship.
The couple’s fight in the line showed all elements of the four horsemen. The woman criticized her partner by blaming him rather than voicing her complaints from her perspective. She showed contempt by talking dismissively [4], screaming at him, and clearly stating she “resented” him. In response, he reacted defensively and shut down, stonewalling her.
While heated exchanges in any relationship are a normal and healthy occurrence (research suggests that couples with little-to-no negative communication have dim prospects, too), treating each other with respect even in the roughest situations is a barometer for a successful and lasting relationship. When your relationship hits a rough patch [5], perhaps remember to go after the four horsemen, and not your partner.