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#Case Study
Haribo, the World’s First Gummy Bears
A yummy and colorful history
Updated: 2023.01.31
4 min read · Intermediate
material_image
Haribo, the World’s First Gummy Bears

In 1920, German confectioner [1] Hans Riegel Sr. established a candy company called Haribo, an abbreviation of Hans Riegel Bonn, his name and hometown of Bonn. Riegel set off to create a new sweet treat in his kitchen and hired his first employee, his wife, Gertrud. In 1922, Riegel debuted his first gummy prototype, dubbed Tanzbären, or the Dancing Bear in German. Larger than modern gummy bears, their shape was inspired by real dancing bears that were once prevalent in festivals across Europe.

In Riegel’s lifetime, Haribo went through steady growth, only interrupted by a hiatus [2] caused by World War II. They almost closed down the production after the war, and the several hundred employees they once had dwindled [3] to about thirty. However, the next generation of Riegels, Paul and Hans Reigel Jr., took over their father’s business in 1946 and turned Haribo into a global superpower. With Paul overseeing production and Hans Jr. in charge of marketing and sales, the brothers upped the number of employees to about 1,000 in 1950. Haribo grew in the 1950s and 60s, capitalizing on new marketing tools, including television.

Throughout Haribo’s history, the gummy bears went through multiple makeovers, including the most prominent transformation in the 1960s when they were rebranded as Goldbears. Today, these chewy bears come in five flavors (raspberry, lemon, strawberry, pineapple, and orange) and are available in more than 100 countries.

Though Haribo was Riegel’s invention, he was not the first to create gelatin-based sweets. Beth Kimmerle, a writer of four books documenting America’s confectionery industry, said the gummy bear formula came from gelatinous precursors such as the Turkish Delight. Susan Benjamin, a candy historian, believes that Riegal’s gummy bears were a fine-tuned version of an already existing candy formula. The truly innovative part about the Haribo bear, then, is its shape. Riegel’s business acumen played a role, too, as he was quick to take the latest confectionery technologies, flavors, and colors, and apply them to the bears.

Another element of Haribo’s success is its consistent quality and marketing. “They’ve really been able to maintain that position in the marketplace,” said Kimmerle. This endurance in the market is an asset in and of itself since it has a self-sustaining [4] quality; Haribo has stayed in the market long enough to have become a nostalgic memory for consumers who grew up with it, and as long as these people live, the product will continue to stay relevant.

젤리 곰의 원조 ‘하리보’

독일의 제과업자 한스 리겔 시니어는 1920년 자기 이름 한스 리겔과 그의 고향인 본의 알파벳 일부를 따서 “하리보”라는 이름의 캔디 회사를 설립했습니다. 리겔은 그의 부엌에서 새로운 단 것들을 만들기 시작했고 첫 번째 직원으로 아내 게르트루드를 고용했습니다. 1922년, 리겔은 탄츠바렌 즉 독일어로 “춤추는 곰”이라는 이름으로 첫 번째 젤리형 과자를 시장에 선보였습니다. 오늘날의 구미 베어보다 좀 더 큰 이 곰 젤리는 한때 유럽 전역의 축제에서 유행했던 춤추는 진짜 곰에서 영감을 받았습니다.

리겔의 생전에 하리보는 2차 세계대전 당시를 제외하고는 꾸준히 성장했습니다. 전쟁 후 하리보는 거의 생산을 중단할 위기에 처했고, 한때 수백 명에 달하던 직원은 30명 정도로 줄었습니다. 그러나 1946년 리겔의 아들인 폴과 한스 리겔 주니어가 아버지 사업을 이어 받아 하리보를 세계적인 브랜드로 만들었습니다. 폴은 생산을 감독하고 한스 주니어는 마케팅과 판매를 담당하면서 형제는 1950년 직원을 1천 명 수준까지 늘렸습니다. 1950년대와 60년대에 하리보는 텔레비전을 포함한 새로운 마케팅 방법들을 활용하며 성장했습니다.

하리보의 역사를 통틀어 구미 베어는 여러 번의 변신을 거쳤는데 그 중 가장 눈에 띄는 것은 1960년대에 "골드 베어스"로 브랜드명을 변경했을 때입니다. 오늘날 이 쫄깃쫄깃한 곰 모양의 젤리는 5가지 맛(라즈베리, 레몬, 딸기, 파인애플, 오렌지)으로 생산되며 100여 개 국가에 진출해 있습니다.

리겔이 하리보 브랜드를 만들어내긴 했지만 젤라틴을 이용해서 단 것을 만든 것은 리겔이 처음은 아닙니다. 미국의 제과산업에 관련된 4권의 저서를 쓴 작가 베스 키멀에 따르면 구미 베어는 “터키시 딜라이트”와 같이 이미 존재하고 있던 젤라틴을 이용한 과자에서 유래했다고 합니다. 캔디 역사가인 수전 벤자민은 리겔의 젤리는 이미 존재하고 있던 캔디 제조법을 보다 세심하게 다듬은 것이라고 합니다. 그렇다면 하리보 곰에서 진정으로 혁신적인 부분은 바로 그 모양일 것입니다. 리겔의 사업에 대한 통찰력도 큰 몫을 했는데 그는 재빠르게 최신 제과 기술, 맛 그리고 색깔을 취해서 제품에 적용했습니다.

하리보의 성공의 또 다른 요소는 일관된 품질과 마케팅입니다. "그들은 시장에서 변함없이 그 자리를 유지해 왔다"고 키멀은 말했습니다. 시장에서 이러한 지속력은 스스로를 지탱할 수 있는 성질을 가지고 있기 때문에 그 자체로 하나의 자산입니다. 즉 하리보는 함께 자란 소비자들에게 그리운 추억이 될 만큼 시장에 오래 머물러 있었고, 이들이 살아 있는 한 이 제품은 계속 고객이 원하는 제품으로 남을 것입니다.

Discussion Questions
Q1
In your own words, please briefly summarize the article.
여러분의 언어로 교재를 간단히 요약해 주세요.
Q2
Which Haribo sweet is your favorite? Why?
가장 좋아하는 하리보 과자는 무엇인가요? 왜 좋아하나요?
Q3
What comes to mind when thinking of the brand ‘Haribo’?
'하리보'라는 브랜드를 떠올리면 무엇이 떠오르나요?
Q4
What did you learn from reading the article?
교재를 읽으면서 무엇을 배웠나요?
Q5
What, according to the passage, were the elements of Haribo’s success?
교재에 따르면 하리보의 성공 요소는 무엇이었나요?
Q6
Do you know any marketing strategies of Haribo?
하리보의 마케팅 전략에 대해 알고 있나요?
Q7
Imagine that you’re responsible for designing a new dessert. What would you call it, and what would it taste like?
여러분이 새로운 디저트를 디자인할 책임이 있다고 상상해 봅시다. 그 디저트의 이름은 무엇이고 어떤 맛일까요?
Q8
Can you think of any other brands that have sustained its business for long like Haribo? Explain.
하리보처럼 오랫동안 사업을 지속해 온 다른 브랜드가 있나요? 설명해 주세요.
Q9
If you have a question or questions that you'd like to discuss during your class, please write them down.
궁금한 점이 있거나 수업 중에 얘기해 보고 싶은 질문이 있으면 적어주세요.
Expressions
confectioner
a company or person that makes or sells candy
Example
1

She opened a tiny confectioner with a frugal headquarters in the Texas suburbs.

Example
2

The company is Europe’s largest confectioner by sales.

hiatus
a pause or a gap in a sequence, series, or process
Example
1

The production came to a hiatus because of the workers’ strike.

Example
2

The actor was coming back with a new movie after a 3 years-long hiatus.

dwindle
to diminish in power or number
Example
1

The kingdom’s dwindling strength coincided with a famine.

Example
2

The profits dwindled to almost nothing.

self-sustaining
able to sustain oneself without assistance
Example
1

The garden is designed to be self-sustaining, so it requires minimal maintenance.

Example
2

The company aims to become self-sustaining by generating its own energy through renewable sources.

본 교재는 당사 편집진이 제작하는 링글의 자산으로 저작권법에 의해 보호됩니다. 링글 플랫폼 외에서 자료를 활용하시는 경우 당사와 사전 협의가 필요합니다.

In 1920, German confectioner [1] Hans Riegel Sr. established a candy company called Haribo, an abbreviation of Hans Riegel Bonn, his name and hometown of Bonn. Riegel set off to create a new sweet treat in his kitchen and hired his first employee, his wife, Gertrud. In 1922, Riegel debuted his first gummy prototype, dubbed Tanzbären, or the Dancing Bear in German. Larger than modern gummy bears, their shape was inspired by real dancing bears that were once prevalent in festivals across Europe.

In Riegel’s lifetime, Haribo went through steady growth, only interrupted by a hiatus [2] caused by World War II. They almost closed down the production after the war, and the several hundred employees they once had dwindled [3] to about thirty. However, the next generation of Riegels, Paul and Hans Reigel Jr., took over their father’s business in 1946 and turned Haribo into a global superpower. With Paul overseeing production and Hans Jr. in charge of marketing and sales, the brothers upped the number of employees to about 1,000 in 1950. Haribo grew in the 1950s and 60s, capitalizing on new marketing tools, including television.

Throughout Haribo’s history, the gummy bears went through multiple makeovers, including the most prominent transformation in the 1960s when they were rebranded as Goldbears. Today, these chewy bears come in five flavors (raspberry, lemon, strawberry, pineapple, and orange) and are available in more than 100 countries.

Though Haribo was Riegel’s invention, he was not the first to create gelatin-based sweets. Beth Kimmerle, a writer of four books documenting America’s confectionery industry, said the gummy bear formula came from gelatinous precursors such as the Turkish Delight. Susan Benjamin, a candy historian, believes that Riegal’s gummy bears were a fine-tuned version of an already existing candy formula. The truly innovative part about the Haribo bear, then, is its shape. Riegel’s business acumen played a role, too, as he was quick to take the latest confectionery technologies, flavors, and colors, and apply them to the bears.

Another element of Haribo’s success is its consistent quality and marketing. “They’ve really been able to maintain that position in the marketplace,” said Kimmerle. This endurance in the market is an asset in and of itself since it has a self-sustaining [4] quality; Haribo has stayed in the market long enough to have become a nostalgic memory for consumers who grew up with it, and as long as these people live, the product will continue to stay relevant.

*This material is designed for the exclusive use of Ringle students on the Ringle platform.